Kernal Class
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| pinMode(pin, mode) | Pin mode setting | pin: Pin number mode: Set the following values: 0 (INPUT) 1 (OUTPUT) 2 (INPUT_PULLUP) 3 (OUTPUT_OPENDRAIN) |
Version |
| digitalWrite(pin, value) | Set pin output to 0 or 1 | pin: Pin number value: 0 or 1 |
None |
| digitalRead(pin) | Check whether pin input is 0 or 1 | pin: Pin number | 0 or 1 |
| analogRead(pin) | Confirm analog value of pin | pin: Pin number (14, 15, 16, 17) | 0 to 675 (3.3V) Input mode can be specified in analogReference, as described below. |
| analogReference(mode) | Specify analogRead input mode | mode: Select from the following: 0: 5.0V ref. 1: 1.1V ref. (built-in voltage) 2: 3.3V ref. 3: 3.3V ref., 12-bit resolution (0 to 4096) |
None |
| pwm(pin, value) | PWM output from pin (490Hz) | pin: Pin number value: PWM rate 0 to 255 |
None |
| initDac() | Initialize DA converter | None | None |
| analogDac(value) | Output analog value from DAC pin | 0 to 4096 (3.3V) | None |
| led(value) | Set LED output | value: 0(OFF) or 1(ON) | None |
| delay(value) | Wait for specified time | value: Time ((ms)) | None |
| millis() | Count time period in millisecond from system startup. Overflows and returns to 0 after about 50 days. | None | Milliseconds |
| micros() | Count time period in microseconds from system startup. Overflows and returns to 0 after about 1 week. | None | Microseconds |
| tone(pin, frequency[, duration) | Output tone signal used for piezoelectric sounder, etc. | pin: Pin number, frequency, duration, output time (option) | None |
| noTone(pin) | Stop tone signal output | pin: Pin number | None |
| randomSeed(value) | Set random seed | value: The value to be used as the random seed | None |
| random([min,] max) | Get random count | min: Minimum value (option), max: Maximum value |
Random |
System Class
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| System.version([R]) | Get system version | Any value | Version |
| System.exit() | End program. If the program was set by System.setrun, that program will be executed. | None | None |
| System.setrun(file) | Set next program to be executed. | file name: mrb | None |
| System.push(address, buf, length) | Store value in flash memory. The value will not be erased even when the power is turned off. | address: Start address (0 to 255) buf: Write data length: Data length (Max. 32 bytes) |
0: Failure, 1: Success |
| System.pop(address, length) | Get value from flash memory | address: Start address (0 to 255) length: Data length (Max. 32 bytes) |
Amount of data retrieved |
| System.useSD() | Set to enable use of SD card | None | 0: Invalid, 1: Valid |
| System.useWiFi() | Set to enable use of WA-MIKAN (ESP8266 board) | None | 0: Invalid, 1: Valid |
| System.getMrbPath() | Get file path of mrb now running | None | File path (file name) |
Serial Class
This class generates and uses an instance for each communication port.
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| serial.new(num,bps) | Serial communication initialization | num: Communication port to be initialized (TX/RX) 0: USB, 1: 0/1, 2: 5/6, 3: 7/8, 4: 12/11 bps: Baud rate |
Serial instance |
| serial.print([str]) | Output to serial port | str: Output string | None |
| serial.println([str]) | Output to serial port with line break Line break: \r\n |
str: Output string When omitted, only line break |
None |
| serial.write(buf, len) | Data output | buf: Output data string, len: Data count | Output data count |
| serial.flush() | Wait until transmission is completed | None | None |
| serial.available() | Check if receive data is available | None | Number of bytes of data 0: No data |
| serial.read() | Get data | None | String or receive data |
I2C Class
This class generates and uses an instance for each communication port.
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| i2c.new(num) | I2C communication initialization | num: Communication port to be initialized (SDA/SCL) 0: 18/19, 1: 0/1, 2: 5/6, 3: 7/8, 4:12/11 |
I2C instance |
| i2c.begin(address) | Start I2C write preparation | address: Device 7-bit address | None |
| i2c.lwrite(data) | Write to I2C write buffer | data: Data | None |
| i2c.end() | Execute prepared I2C write communication | None | None |
| i2c.request(address, count) | Execute a read request to the device | address: 7-bit address count: Data count |
Receive data count |
| i2c.available() | Check if receive data is available | None | Receive data count 0: None |
| i2c.lread() | Get receive data | None | Receive data |
| i2c.write(address, reg, data) | Write 1 byte to the device specified address (execute begin, lwrite, end) | address: 7-bit address reg: Write address in device data: Data |
Always 0 |
| i2c.read(address, regL[, regH]) | Read data from device specified address (execute write, request, read) | address: 7-bit address regL: Read lower address regH: Read upper address (option) |
Read data |
Servo Class
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Servo.attach(ch, pin [, min, max] ) | Assign output pin to servo motor to specified channel | ch: Any channel (0 to 9) pin: Any pin min: Pulse width at 0 degrees (default = 544µs) (option) max: Pulse width at 180 degrees (default = 2400µs) (option) |
I2C instance |
| Servo.write(ch, angle) | Set angle | ch: Channel (0 to 9) angle: 0 to 180 |
None |
| Servo.read(ch) | Get current angle | ch: Channel (0 to 9) | Angle |
| Servo.us(ch, us) | Set angle with pulse width | ch: Channel (0 to 9) us: 0 to 19999 |
None |
| Servo.attached(ch) | Check if servo is assigned to channel | ch: Channel (0 to 9) | 0: Not assigned 1: Assigned |
| Servo.detach(ch) | Release servo assignment | ch: Channel (0 to 9) | None |
Rtc Class
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rtc.init() | Start real time clock | None | 0: Failure 1: Success |
| Rtc.deinit() | Stop real time clock | None | 0: Failure 1: Success |
| Rtc.setTime(array) | Set time | array: year (0000-9999), month (1-12), date (1-31), hour (0-23), minute (0-59), second (0-59) | 0: Failure 1: Success |
| Rtc.getTime() | Get time | None | The following array: year: (2000-2099) month: (1-12) day: (1-31) hour: (0-23) minute: (0-59) second: (0-59) weekday: (0-6) 0: SUN, 1: MON, 2: TUES, 3: WED, 4: THUR, 5: FRI, 6: SAT |
SD Class
System.useSD() must be called before using this class.
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| SD.open(number, filename[, mode]) | Open the file | number: Any file number (0 or 1) filename: File name (8.3 format) mode: 0: Read, 1: Append, 2: New Create |
File number -1 = Failure |
| SD.close(number) | Close the file | number: File number | None |
| SD.seek(number, byte) | Move to the position in the file to be read | number: File number byte: Move toward end of file for the number of bytes (-1) required by seek |
0: Failure 1: Success |
| SD.read(number) | Read from the file | number: File number | Data (bytes) If position is the end of the file, -1 is returned. |
| SD.write(number,buf,len ) | Write to the file | number: File number buf: Data buffer len: Data count |
Number of data written |
| SD.flush(number) | Wait for write operation to complete | number: File number | None |
| SD.size(number) | Get file size | number: File number | Size |
| SD.position(number) | Get read/write position | number: File number | Position |
| SD.mkdir(dirname) | Create directory | dirname: Name of directory to be created | 0: Failure 1: Success |
| SD.rmdir(dirname) | Delete directory | dirname: Name of directory to be deleted | 0: Failure 1: Success |
| SD.remove(filename) | Delete file | filename: Name of file to be deleted | 0: Failure 1: Success |
| SD.copy(srcfilename, distfilename) | Copy file | srcfilename: Name of source file to be copied distfilename: Name of destination file to be copied to |
0: Failure 1: Success |
| SD.exists(filename) | Check if file exists | filename: Name of file to be checked | 0: No file 1: File exists |
WiFi Class
| Syntax | Overview | Argument | Return Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| WiFi.setMode(mode) | Set station mode | mode: 1: Station 2: SoftAP 3: Station + SoftAP1 |
ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.ipconfig() | Display IP address and MAC address | None | ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.connect(SSID, Passwd) | Connect to WiFi access point | SSID: WiFi SSID Passwd: Password |
ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.multiConnect(mode) | Set mode for multiple connections | mode: 0: Connect 1 only1 1: Connect up to 4 |
ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.disconnect() | Disconnect WiFi | None | ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.httpGetSD(Filename, URL[, Headers]) | Store http GET results on SD card | Filename: Name of file to be stored URL: URL Headers: An array of character strings to be added to header |
0: Failure 1: Success 2: SD card use invalid 3: Couldn’t open transmit data file 4: Couldn’t read transmit data size 5: Couldn’t read transmit data file 6: Couldn’t open receive data file 7: Failure to create received file |
| WiFi.httpGet(URL[, Headers]) | Transmit http GET protocol. Only transmit, do not receive. |
URL: URL Headers: An array of character strings to be added to header |
0: Failure 1: Success |
| WiFi.httpPost(URL, Header, Body) | Transmit http POST protocol | URL: URL Header: An array of character strings to be added to header Body: An array of character strings to be added to body |
0: Failure 1: Success |
| WiFi.httpServer([port]) | Start http server; SD card is required | port: The number of the port waiting for data; if -1 is specified, the server stops. | One of the following values is returned depending on access availability: 0: No access 1: Access available 2: Cannot use SD card 3: Failed to access SD card For access from client: GET: Path Other than GET: First line of header |
| WiFi.udpOpen(number, IPAddress, SendPort, ReceivePort) | Start UDP connection | number: Connection number (1 to 4) IPAddress: Communication destination address SendPort: Communication port number ReceivePort: Receive port number |
ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.send(number, Data[, length]) | Transmit data to specified connection number | number: Connection number (1 to 4) Data: Data to be transmitted length: Size of data to be transmitted |
Transmit data size |
| WiFi.recv(number) | Receive data from specified connection number | number: Connection number (1 to 4) | Array of received data; must be 256 or less |
| WiFi.cClose(number) | Close TCP/UDP connection | number: Connection number (1 to 4) | ESP8266 return value |
| WiFi.bypass() | Direct serial connection between USB port and ESP8266. Processing does not return until reset occurs. |
None | None |
| WiFi.serialOut(mode[, serialNumber]) | Set serial number for serial output to ESP8266 | mode: 0: No output 1: Output serialNumber: Serial number of output destination |
None |
| WiFi.at(command[, mode]) | Transmit AT command to ESP8266 | command: AT command string mode: 0: Automatically add 'AT+' 1: Do not automatically add 'AT+' |
ESP8266 return value |